If you can find been a person immutable rule through American tv historical past, it's been neighborhood information. Nearly from The instant the station to start with signed on air, they began carrying community news in which athletics always played A serious role. A lack of regular programming resources in these early years led a lot of stations to show to sports to fill their broadcasting schedules. Ny's WNBT tv signed on to broadcast in July 1941, and its to start with broadcast was an experienced baseball video game ("NBC Record", 2003). When building regional newscasts to accommodate their viewers, these stations usually incorporated athletics and weather conditions. For example, in 1961 WKMG began its 1st whole-time information Section in Orlando. Newscasts include things like Frank Vaught's sporting activities experiences ("The record of," 2003).
Sporting activities have held a dominant posture in area information broadcasting for quite a few decades, but the latest field traits have termed into dilemma this posture. Segmented audiences, switching demographics, and declining information profitability have pressured the station to reexamine its neighborhood sports activities segment. “Sporting activities is one of the past parts of Tv set the place folks do points the best way they often have,” says tv government Elliott Wiser. “(Right now) a brand new approach is necessary” (Deggans, 2000).
Dilemma for Neighborhood TV Information
미국인들에게 뉴스의 주요 제공자로서 텔레비전의 패권을 위협하는 몇 가지 요인이 결합되었습니다. Undertaking for Excellence in Journalism(2002)에서 수행한 연구에 따르면 텔레비전 뉴스 방송이 시청자를 잃고 있습니다. 1998년에는 방송국의 2/three가 지역 뉴스 방송 시청률이 감소했다고 보고했습니다. 2002년까지 그 수치는 76%로 증가했습니다. 2001년 nine월 테러 이후에도 지역 뉴스 시청률은 7% 떨어졌다.
인터넷, 케이블 채널 및 가정용 위성과 같은 미디어 소스의 출현은 시청자에게 뉴스 대안을 제공했습니다. Radio and Television Information Director’s Association(“Changing channels”, 1996)의 연구에 따르면, “대중의 상당 부분이 정기적으로 다른 다양한 소스에 귀를 기울입니다.”
점점 더 많은 방송국이 대형 미디어 회사에 의해 통제됨에 따라 지역 텔레비전 뉴스도 수익 지향적이 되었습니다. 예를 들어, 2002년 첫 몇 주 동안 세 개의 방송국 그룹은 자회사 방송국에서 지역 뉴스를 완전히 제거하기로 결정했습니다(Trigoboff, 2002). Tv set 뉴스 컨설턴트인 짐 윌리는 "대혁명이 일어날 것 같다"고 말했다. "같은 시장에서 동시에 4~five개의 뉴스 방송을 해야 합니까?" (Trigoboff, 2002).
Dilemma for Nearby Television set Athletics
None of this is Excellent news for your area television sporting activities sector, that's increasingly underneath scrutiny from station execs. In spite of its traditional presence within regional newscasts, sports have prolonged been regarded as a "tuning" issue. In accordance with a study from the Radio and tv Information Directors Basis, only 31% of viewers said they have been 'pretty interested' in athletics and 32% were 'considerably fascinated' ("Journalism and Ethics", 1998). This compares to 72% who expressed curiosity during the weather. "Sports activities are very polarizing." explained tv information expert Brent Magid. “The bulk can settle for, go away, or despise” (Greppi, 2002).
Scientific studies have demonstrated that Women of all ages are far considerably less serious about sports than Guys (Gantz and Wenner, 1991; Perse, 1992), and several stations have acted appropriately. In 2000, Tampa's WTSP dropped the Activity from its early night newscasts. Based on station news director Jim Church, "Telling a story when no person is listening will not be a good use of air time" (Deggans, 2000).
Some stations have eliminated the sport, while others have lowered their allotted time. Dependant upon the working day of your 7 days (weekends have more sports time), sports segments have historically obtained among 3 and five minutes of nearby news coverage. Given that number is all the way down to a few moment. In 2002, Pittsburgh's KDKA Slice enough time for athletics by just 3 as well as a fifty percent minutes for three hours of stories. Many others from the marketplace have carried out new ways, for example sports activities stories that focus extra on people today than scores or cater to the broader news viewers. "What we are wanting to do now's deal with sports as information," claims KDKA news director Al Blinke. “We wish to do a thing over and above sports activities” (Finder, 2002).
Dialogue
스포츠 부문에서 일어나고 있는 변화는 시간 할당보다 콘텐츠, 스타일 및 프레젠테이션과 더 관련이 있습니다. 아마도 시청자에게 모든 스포츠 네트워크와 대조되는 것을 제공하기 위한 노력의 일환으로, 지역 Tv set 스포츠는 지역 이야기, 운동 선수 및 이벤트에 더 초점을 맞추고 있으며 일반 스포츠 팬을 위해 보다 기능 지향적이고 시청자 친화적인 보도를 만들고 있습니다. 전형적인 반응은 Midwest의 뉴스 디렉터가 “우리는 스포츠가 비스포츠 팬들에게 흥미로웠으면 합니다. 여기서 스포츠는 뉴스이고 커뮤니티입니다. 많은 케이블 스포츠 채널이 제공하는 것과는 반대로 시청자에게 지역 정보를 제공하십시오. 우리만이 현지에 갈 수 있습니다. 그들은 할 수 없습니다.”
지역 텔레비전 스포츠의 미래에 대해 뉴스 감독들은 이 연구에 대해 지금과 가까운 미래의 두 가지 뚜렷한 시간 프레임을 제안하는 더 비관적이었고, 지역 텔레비전 스포츠는 안전해 보이지만 뉴스 감독들은 그것을 매우 짧은 기간에 묶었습니다. 한 뉴스 디렉터는 이렇게 말했습니다. 지금은 하기 싫지만 앞으로는 할 수 있을 것”이라고 말했다.
Implications
Alterations in nearby sporting activities could possibly be a reflection of your remarkable upheaval going on in the course of 스포츠중계 broadcast news. Should the athletics sector is no longer Safe and sound, what about other information components? CBS Team Information Vice President Joel Cheatwood (Trigoboff, 2002) reported, “[All of this] forces us to reexamine the [information] model.”
On a far more instant stage, modifications during the neighborhood sporting activities sector immediately have an affect on 1000s of aspiring sportscasters. Stations that are cutting down their commitment to athletics are also minimizing their sporting activities workforce ranges, which impacts The task market. Yet another information director said, "[Sports activities on newscasts] is dying." “We went from two comprehensive-time sportsmen to one entire-time, a person in control of the information a few times a week, and it had been a combat to remain there.”
Similarly essential, alterations in just how sports are presented are forcing sports activities broadcasters to know new methods. No longer can sportscasters give attention to scoring. They have got to help make the presentation more engaging for regular supporters. This is certainly also essential for journalism educational institutions across the nation, which should doc what stations want from the sporting activities sector and update their schooling curricula.
Will these changes function or persist? Sports journalist Chuck Finder (2002) commented around the alter in KDKA, “Allow’s reserve last judgment until finally September, once the Steelers, university, and high school football seasons start in earnest. Then the station will probably be . There is certainly an error in clock administration.”